中暍是一中醫病名，英文可以翻譯為「Sunstroke」。我覺得這樣翻很妙，既符合「形」又符合「義」，因為「暍」是日部的，右半部是耗竭的竭，而sunstroke字面意思就是過度暴露在陽光下而猝倒。但是發病之「理」卻在這語言的轉換中丟失了。
“中暍” is a term in traditional Chinese medicine that can be translated as“Sunstroke.”I find it amusing that it both fits the “shape” and the “meaning,” as the Chinese character “暍” is based on the “日” (sun) radical with its right half “竭”(exhausted) and literally refers to heatstroke brought about by excessive exposure to the sun. Nevertheless, the “reason” for the illness is lost in this translation process.
暍，讀作ㄧㄝˋ (如「葉」)，或ㄏㄜˋ（如「賀」）。例如「暍暍」是形容熱氣極盛之貌。
奔波勞碌的人在烈日下工作，突然昏倒，人們以為是中暑，其實可能是中暍。暍和暑都是熱，要怎麼區分呢？
“暍” is pronounced “yè” or “hè.”For example, “暍暍” describes extreme heat.
When someone working under the scorching sun suddenly collapses, people might mistakenly think they have heatstroke, but it could actually be sunstroke. Both sunstroke and summer heatstroke are caused by “heat” damage, how can we tell the difference?
暑的熱是從外侵入的，而暍的熱是從內發出的（指本來體內就有某些狀況，導致了過熱的問題）。奔波勞碌的人，因勞累導致內熱，內熱原本就具有往外排散的趨勢，但外在的暑熱卻阻礙了內熱的排出，所以人會突然昏倒。這是外暑與內熱夾攻，內外熱相駁所致。
Summer heat invades from the outside, while sunstroke originates from within (the individual has pre-existing conditions that contribute to overheating). People who are constantly on the move accumulate internal heat due to fatigue. While internal heat naturally tends to dissipate, the external heat, such as summer heat, hinders this process, leading to sudden collapse. This is caused by the combined effects of external and internal heat.
如果只治療外暑而不疏通內熱，內熱會鬱積而更散不出去。治療中暍應該先疏通內熱，再輔以清暑的藥物。
青蒿五錢、茯神三錢、白朮三錢、香薷一錢、知母一錢、乾葛(葛根)一錢、甘草五分，水煎服。服一劑氣通，二劑熱散，不必吃到三劑。
If you only treat external heat without clearing the internal heat, the internal heat will continue to accumulate and become more difficult to release. To treat sunstroke, you should first clear the internal heat and then use medicine that can clear away summer heat.
◌𓈒𓐍𓂃 Remedy components 𓂃𓈒𓂂
Artemisia annua (sweet wormwood): 5 mace
Wolfiporia extensa (poria): 3 mace
Atractylodes macrocephala roots: 3 mace
Elsholtzia ciliata (crested late summer mint): 3 mace
Anemarrhena asphodeloides rhizome: 1 mace
Pueraria montana var. Lobata (kudzu) root: 1 mace
Glycyrrhiza uralensis (Chinese liquorice): 5 candareen
Boil the ingredients in water to make decoction. Drink one dose and the stagnation is relieved. After the second dose, the heat is dispersed. It is not necessary to take a third dose.
此方被稱作救暍丹，以青蒿作主藥，平息胃火，兼解暑熱。香薷解暑，乾葛散熱，作為輔藥。
This recipe uses Artemisia annua as the main ingredient to calm Stomach fire and relieve summer heat. Elsholtzia ciliata is used to relieve summer heat, while dried kudzu root is used as auxiliary ingredient to clear away the heat.
香薷屬於風藥，為中醫的辛溫解表藥，透過發汗、行水散濕解暑。葛根雖然不算是風藥，它也是透過發汗來幫助退熱的辛涼解表藥。
Elsholtzia ciliata is a pungent-warm exterior-releasing medicinal, it dispels external heat, usually through sweating, and it also promotes fluid circulation and can disperse dampness. While kudzu root isn't usually considered an exterior-releasing herb, its pungent-cool property also reduces heat by inducing sweating.
顧慮到這類患者有某種虛證夾內熱偏盛的傾向，若只用風藥疏散，可能還是無法有效降溫。而發汗會使水分更加脫失，助長火氣更旺，所以必須使用滋陰清熱的藥；這裡是用知母。
Considering that this type of patients have certain deficiency syndrome with excessive internal heat, using exterior-releasing medicine alone may not effectively reduce the heat. Sweating can further dehydrate the patient, fueling internal heat, so a yin-tonifying-heat-clearing medicinal is essential; in this remedy, Anemarrhena asphodeloides rhizome is used.
白朮、茯苓為健脾益氣、燥濕利水的藥對，尤其適合脾虛之人，能防止過度汗出所造成的氣脫，又能導熱向下走，由小便而排出。服完兩劑就能使外暑、內熱都消失，不必服到第三劑。
Atractylodes macrocephala roots and poria compose a medicine pair that strengthens the Spleen and replenishes qi, dispels dampness and promotes diuresis. They are particularly suitable for those with Spleen deficiency. They can prevent excessive sweating that can lead to loss of qi, and they can also conduct heat downward and clear the pathogenic fire through urination. After taking two doses, both external and internal pathogenic heat will disappear, so there is no need to take a third dose.
此症用另一解方也有效，稱之為解暑散：
香薷、茯苓各三錢，甘草、黃連各一錢，白朮一兩，白扁豆二錢，白豆蔻一粒，水煎服。服一劑即癒。
Another effective remedy for this condition is as follows:
Elsholtzia ciliata (crested late summer mint): 3 mace
Wolfiporia extensa (poria): 3 mace
Glycyrrhiza uralensis (Chinese liquorice): 1 mace
Coptis chinensis: 1 mace
Atractylodes macrocephala roots: 1 tael
Semen Lablab Album (white hyacinth bean): 2 mace
White Cardamom: 1
Boil the ingredients in water to make decoction. A single dose will suffice to alleviate the condition.
從中醫理論而言，暑的炎熱屬於陽邪，而且會迫使人多汗，使津液外泄，而氣隨津脫。有時暑熱夾濕，則暑濕交蒸，最易困遏人體清陽之氣、阻滯氣機，又會多出胸悶、脘痞和沉重感。部分患者則由於本有氣虛、氣滯，或加之貪涼過度，也會在暑熱之下發病，亦屬中暍。總而言之，此類證候雖好發於暑季，實則為標熱本虛之證。
According to traditional Chinese medicine, summer heat is a pathogen of yang nature, forcing people to sweat profusely, leading to the loss of body fluids and, along with them, the loss of qi. Sometimes, summer heat is accompanied by dampness, which can easily suffocate the body's yang qi and block its flow, causing chest tightness, abdominal distension, and heaviness. Some patients, due to pre-existing qi deficiency and stagnation, or due to excessive craving for coolness, can also develop symptoms during summer heat, also considered sunstroke. In short, while these symptoms are more common in summer, they are actually symptoms caused by the combination of superficial heat and underlying deficiency.
°. ⋆༺
這篇的靈感並非來自《物怪》（《モノノ怪》）這部風格特殊、絢爛而令人眼花撩亂的日本奇幻系動畫，只不過寫第一段的時候，突然有「形」、「真」、「理」的既視感，只能說，真不虧是我的中二腦。
劇中的原台詞是這樣說的：「形」是怪物現形的模樣，「真」是還原事件的始末，「理」是人心的狀態，即人心裡是怎麼想的。掌握了「形、真、理」，刀才能出鞘，將怪物祓除（超渡）。我不確定中醫診病治病的過程能不能與之類比，不過我覺得蠻像的。
總之這是上個月發生在我身上的事。我在正午時分外出走了一大圈買東西，回程路上經過一列八家將的隊伍。我在等過馬路時，遠遠看到對面好像在整裝待發，好幾位或站或蹲在路邊，也許在等良辰吉時？而高大的神明（後來查到，應該是增將軍和損將軍）正被人從倉庫中移出來。我心想「應該不會被打飛吧？」想完自己又覺得自己好笑。我過馬路，與隊伍成垂直角度交會而過，隔著一段距離之外，舞動的長棍還是薙刀，像風火輪一樣。
到家後沒多久，就覺得越來越不對勁了，頭痛的方式很怪，而且聲音開始變得很遠，整個背脊都在抽筋似的劇痛，需要很費力控制手腳的動作和呼吸，而且一直發抖。雖然沒有昏倒，後來的一整天全身都很痛，尤其是頸部，一旦動作太快眼前就開始變暗、聲音變遠。上一次發生這種事已經是好久以前了，每一次發生前都剛好經過神明面前，就是那種民間開設的、擺很多神明的宮廟還是祠堂。小時候我都覺得大概神明覺得我不夠尊敬祂們，現在我也不確定那天是怎麼了，又為什麼在酷暑下奔波那麼久了，中暑卻發生在那一天。
註：照片中的是《百病辨證錄》
(The title of the book literally means: Records of Differentiation of Symptoms and Signs for All Diseases)
最近從家裡的書堆翻到一本赭色封面的厚書《百病辨證錄》，讀到〈暑症門〉，我才回想起以前老師有講過中暍，因為那個字很難唸所以我記得。老師還問說，有沒有人知道烏梅是怎麼烘乾的，接著又拿冰箱的乾燥力作比較，說冷和熱一樣都可以乾燥什麼的。
雖然炎熱的天氣沒什麼特別的，但那天就是因為剛好看見類似的景象，集齊條件就觸發症狀了吧。
寫一半研究起中藥的錢、兩、斤英文怎麼說，雖然我查到資料如下，但聽一位朋友說他記得之前去的藥房是用 ounces 和 grams——我說聽起來是比較順，好像咖啡豆一樣 ( ˶′𖥦‵˶).ᐟ.ᐟ
✼• Catty: (斤 jin): 在台灣，一斤等於十六兩，一兩等於37.5公克，因此一斤（台斤）等於600公克。 這種度量衡方式在台灣的傳統市場中仍被廣泛使用。
In Taiwan, one catty is equal to 16 tael, and one tael is equal to 37.5 grams, so one catty is equal to 600 grams. This measurement system is still widely used in traditional Taiwanese markets.
✼• Tael: (兩 liang): equal to 10 mace. 一兩 = 十錢
✼• Picul: (擔 dan)(中藥很少用到此單位)(This unit is rarely used in traditional Chinese medicine)
✼• Mace: (錢 qian): equal to 10 candareen or 1/10 of a tael. 一錢 = 十分
✼• Candareen: (分 fen): equal to 1/10 of a mace or 1/100 of a tael.
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